Mürüvvet ILGIN

Article | 2021 | Scientia Horticulturae287

This research was carried out to determine pollen morphological characteristics of caprifig genetic resources known as gene center Anatolia. In this study, pollens from 24 individuals, including 20 caprifig genotypes sampled from the Adana, Hatay, Kahramanmaras, Mersin, and Osmaniye provinces in the eastern Mediterranean region, and four standard cultivars from Aydin in the Aegean region of Turkey were collected. Pollen size and shape, exine thickness, exine tissue, polar and equatorial views, numbers of porates and width, and colpus length and width were measured by using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . . .. Polar length and equatorial diameter of pollens ranged from 9.99 to 12.60 mu m and 8.52 to 11.90 mu m, respectively. In 13 genotypes, the pollen shape was prolate-spheroidal, while in the others, it was subprolate. The mean number of porates was 1.92 to 2.56, with the double porate being the most common. All studied caprifigs had "scabrate" and "psilate" exine ornamentation. The highest abnormal pollen ratio was found in 'Ak.Ilek' (34.10%), whereas it was lowest in the Osmaniye10 (1.28%). According to the principal component analysis, polar length, equatorial diameter, colpus width, pollen shape, number of porates, porate width, exine thickness, and abnormal pollen ratio were the most important characteristics in the differentiation of caprifig genetic resources. These results showed that pollen morphology can be used to identify caprifigs, select caprifigs for caprification, and determine the paternal individuals for edible fig-breeding programs. Keyword: caprifig; pollen diversity; abnormal pollen ratio; principal component More less

Ahmet AYGÜN

Article | 2021 | Scientia Horticulturae294

Turkey has a diverse apple germplasm and Northeastern Anatolia had great contributions to domestication of the Malus genus. Despite quite high rainfall (900-2300 mm) and humidity (70-85?levels, several local apple cultivars have been successfully grown for centuries at the coastal zone of Eastern Black Sea region of Northeastern Anatolia without any pesticide applications. In this study, a set of 206 local genotypes, including 6 international cultivars as references was analyzed using 13 SSR primers with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity and population structure among the genotypes. Bayesian genetic structure analysis was u . . .sed to reveal differentiation of the groups and the results were confirmed by factorial correspondence analysis (FCA). A total of 234 alleles (average 18) were generated by 13 SSR markers. CH02c06 was the most informative (PI: 0.017) and CH03g07 was the least informative (PI: 0.07) locus. The average He was 0.859 with a range of 0.775-0.929 and the average Ho was 0.760 with a range of 0.556-0.872. Considerable genetic variation was detected among the genotypes and genetic similarity varied between 11 and 96?A Bayesian genetic structure analysis indicated three subpopulations (K) and admixture among the accessions. Several loci yielded three alleles in 39 accessions. No synonyms or identical cultivars were detected but several genotypes known by the same names formed 22 homonym groups. The present SSR data will have great contributions to future germplasm management efforts as well as to further comparative studies that investigate genetic relationships among the local apples of Northeastern Anatolia More less

Atilla DURSUN

Article | 2022 | Scientia Horticulturae295

The study aimed to determine the mean low-temperature exotherms (LTE) of the shoot tip of the dOmur F-1, Cuma F-1, Safir F-1, VT-1770, Elibol F-1, and Adelya F-1 tomato cultivars and Yerli-14 and Yerli-24 local tomato genotypes. Moreover, this investigation intended to specify the most effective dose of potassium sulfate with its efficacy time by applying four different doses of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) foliar fertilizer on the most and least tolerant cultivar. The mean LTE of the shoot tip of seedlings was determined by using differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the second part of the study, 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 dosage of K2SO . . .4 foliar fertilizer were applied on the least and most tolerant cultivars with the intent of identifying the most effective dose increasing frost tolerance. It was also stated how long the ideal fertilizer dosage would be effective. DTA method may be effectively used in the determination of frost tolerance in tomatoes. VT-1770 was found the most tolerant cultivar while Safir F-1 was the least tolerant. In the study, 1 fertilizer dose was found the most effective dose among the 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 studied doses of K2SO4 foliar fertilizer after applying on Safir F-1 and VT-1770 tomato seedlings. The dose of 1 K2SO4 fertilizer offered considerable frost resistance after 24 and 72 h later while slightly losing its efficacy after 120 h later as compared to each other after 1 application of fertilizer dose applied on Safir F-1 and VT-1770 tomato seedlings. Present study revealed that the foliar application of K could be applied to enhancing frost tolerance in tomatoes More less